1851-1857
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1851 6/24/1851 Brevet Brigadier-General William Goldsmith Belknap establishes Fort Belknap on the upper Brazos River.
1851 7/21/1851 Outlaw train robber Sam Bass is born.
1851 11/14/1851 Fort Phantom Hill is established in Jones County to protect the local settlers.
1852 9/15/1852 Hampton Shaw and his brave men emerged victorious from a battle with a band of Indians who had been plundering ranches around Laredo - 23 horses and mules are returned, and only one Indian escaped.
1852 12/24/1852 The "General Sherman" goes into service as the first locomotive in Texas.
1853 2/6/1853 Seguin is incorporated, in Guadalupe County, is one the state's oldest towns.
1853 10/15/1853 First Sangerfest, or singer's festival, is still held annually in New Braunfels in early May.
1853 10/29/1853 Petition for a reservation for Alabama-Coushatta Indians was presented to legislature.
1853 11/23/1853 James Henderson becomes governor and serves just 28 days, being appointed by Sam Houston to replace deceased Stephen F. Austin as the Republic's Secretary of State.
1854 1/11/1854 Fort Bliss is occupied with troops to protect El Paso from Indian raids.
1854 2/14/1854 The first Texas Telegraph office opens its doors in Marshall, Texas.
1854 4/26/1854 U.S. War Department orders land surveys for Indian reservations on unsettled land.
1854 11/19/1854 Sam Houston is baptized in a creek near Independence, Texas
1854 12/3/1854 One hundred Polish families arrive in Galveston, an event marking the start of major Polish immigration to Texas, building at Panna Maria.
1854 12/10/1854 Richard King marries Henrietta Chamberlain, and together they make the King Ranch historic.
1854 12/24/1854 Panna Maria, the first Polish settlement in Texas, is established by a group of Catholic priests who walked the 200 miles from Galveston.
1855 2/7/1855 Cowboy writer, Charles Siringo, is born at Matagorda, Texas.
1855 3/17/1855 First law school in Texas established at Austin College, at Sam Houston State at Huntsville.
1855 10/30/1855 Prize saddle-maker Paul Bauer of Beeville, the son of German immigrants, is born in Yorktown, Texas.
1856 4/29/1856 32 camels arrive at Indianola for use by the army in the West.
1856 6/18/1856 The initial load of Texas camels arrives in San Antonio, and it is quartered temporarily outside the city at Major Howard's Ranch on the Medina River.
1856 8/28/1856 An act is passed which will create and support the institution for the insane of Texas, to be built at Austin.
1857 3/3/1857 Congress authorizes the Butterfield Mail and Stage Line, from Ft. Smith, Arkansas through Texas and on to San Francisco, 1857-1861.
1857 6/23/1857 The Buffalo Bayou, brazos and Colorado Railroad Company completes the first railroad in Texas on June 23, 1857. This railroad stretches the 31 miles from Richmond to Harrisburg.
1857 7/9/1857 The first mail leaves San Antonio for San Diego, marking the beginning of the first successful transcontinental mail route.
1857 7/24/1857 Captain Skillman leaves San Antonio carrying the first Texas mail to San Diego,