1861-1863
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1861 4/13/1861 Fort Sumter is fired upon; the Civil War begins.
1861 5/7/1861 Woman Suffrage advocate Anna Pennybacker is born in Petersburg, Virginia.
1861 5/11/1861 The Texas state Lunatic Asylum opens its doors at Austin.
1861 5/29/1861 Henry Robinson, noted Indian fighter, is killed near Uvalde.
1861 7/22/1861 Confederate General Barnard Bee, Jr. dies at the First Battle of Bull Run, one of the first General officers to be killed in the war.
1861 8/3/1861 The 'USS South Carolina' of the Union fleet opens fire on Galveston.
1861 9/9/1861 Colonel Benjamin Terry organizes his "Terry's Texas Rangers."
1861 11/7/1861 Frank R. Lubbock is inaugurated as Governor of Texas, having the post by only 124 votes.
1861 12/14/1861 H. H. Sibley takes command of the "Army of New Mexico" at Fort Bliss, and prepares for his ill-fated attempt to conquer the Southwest for the Confederacy.
1861 12/17/1861 Col. Ben Terry is killed leading a Confederate charge against the Union in Kentucky.
1861 12/21/1861 Legislature establishes Frontier Regiment of Rangers to protect the Texas northern and western frontier.
1862 3/7/1862 John Bell Hood assumes command of the infamous "Texas Brigade."
1862 3/28/1862 Texas Confederate troops are defeated at Battle of Glorieta Pass in the New Mexico Territory, referred to as the "Gettysburg of the West."
1862 4/6/1862 Albert Sidney Johnston is killed in battle at Shiloh, Tennessee.
1862 5/5/1862 Cinco de Mayo, which marks the Mexican troops' defeat of French forces at Puebla, that ends Spanish rule.
1862 8/10/1862 On the bank of the Neches River angry confederates attack a German-American group of 27 men from Gillespie who were on their way to join the Union Army.
1862 9/11/1862 William Sydney Porter, who is known as "O. Henry", and lives and writes for a time in Texas, is born in Greensboro, North Carolina.
1862 10/26/1862 Federal gunboats blockade Pass Cavallo and take Indianola, Texas.
1862 11/29/1862 General J. Bankhead Magruder arrives in Texas to take commander of the Confederate forces, succeeding General Herbert.
1862 12/4/1862 Confederate forces take the city of Galveston from Union occupants in both a land and naval battle.
1862 12/31/1862 General Magruder and his Confederate forces retakes Galveston from the Union forces.
1862 10/131/1862 'The Great Gainesville Hanging', when nineteen men considered to be Union sympathizers are hung on various days throughout the month, in the aftermath of an incident known as the 'Peace Party Conspiracy'.
1863 1/1/1863 The Confederate troops win the Battle of Galveston.
1863 7/1/1863 Hood's 'Texas Brigade' joins in the fight at Gettysburg.
1863 7/2/1863 Hood's Texas Brigade joins battle at Gettysburg on the second day, fighting for Devil's Den.
1863 7/17/1863 Texas saves itself from Union forces' victory at the Battle of Honey Springs [Affair at Elk Creek].
1863 7/26/1863 Sam Houston dies at his home in Huntsville.
1863 9/5/1863 Limited Confederate forces under Lieutenant Dick Dowling best the U.S. Navy gunboats at the battle of Sabine Pass.